HIgh alert medication
Controlled and targeted substance
Benzodiazepine anticonvulsant, sedative, anxiolytic, and amnesic
CCP: Treatment of prolonged seizures (> 5 minutes) or recurrent seizures
CCP: Sedation prior to electrical therapies (e.g., synchronized cardioversion, external cardiac pacing)
CCP: Status seizures
CCP: Sedation
Binds to receptor sites in the central nervous system, promoting interaction between gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) and its receptors on neurons, which become permeable to chloride. An influx of chloride makes the interior of the cell more negative, and the cell takes longer to depolarize, suppressing the spread of seizure activity and raising the seizure threshold.
Intravenous:
May cause hypotension. Benzodiazepines as a class inhibit neuronal uptake of adenosine, which may result in peripheral vasodilation.
DiazePAM may depress respirations.
Overdose management generally requires supportive care only. Provide appropriate airway management, ensure adequate oxygenation and ventilation, and support blood pressure as required.
May precipitate when diluted with other solutions. Do not dilute or mix with any other material, including saline.
Exercise caution in patients who have consumed alcohol or other intoxicants.
There is an increased risk of toxicity in patients taking cimetidine, siulfiram, and oral contraceptives. Diazepam’s effectiveness is decreased when given to patients taking ranitidine or theophylline.